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CLASSIFICATION OF WELDING PROCESSES
Welding – is the process of obtaining of permanent joint by establishing inter-atomic connections between the welded parts under their local or general heating, plastic deformation or their joint action. Depending on the type of welding energy, they are divided into three classes: thermal, thermomechanical and mechanical.
The thermal class includes the types of welding by means of melting in which thermal energy is used for melting of a metal:
- arc welding – heating by electric arc;
- plasma-arc welding – heating by constricted arc;
- gas welding – heating by gas flame;
- electroslag welding – heating by heat emitted during the passage of electric current through molten electrically conductive slag;
- electric-ray welding – heating by electric ray as a result of directed electron flux attack of the welding zone;
- laser welding – heating by the light ray energy obtained from optical oscillator;
- thermit welding – heating by combustion of thermit flux which contain aluminium and ferric oxide.
The thermomechanical class includes types of welding, in which heat energy and pressure are used:
- contact welding – by use of pressure and heating during the passage of electric current through contact surfaces;
- diffusion welding passes through the mutual diffusion of contact surfaces atoms with prolonged exposure to elevated temperature and slight plastic deformation;
- press welding – heating is carried out by a flame of gases (gas press welding), arc (compression welding), an electroslag process (slag-press welding), induction heating (induction and press welding), termite (thermo-press welding).
The mechanical class includes welding, which is carried out using mechanical energy and pressure:
- ultrasonic welding – pressure is created by ultrasonic oscillations;
- cold welding uses pressure with significant plastic deformation without heating;
- welding by an explosion occurs as a result of the explosion caused by the impact of fast-moving parts;
- frictional welding occurs as a result of compression and heating of the welded parts due to friction during their rotation;
- pulse-magnetic welding – the pressure of the electrode is amplified by the pulsed magnetic field, which makes the feeding of the electrode during the compression accelerates so much that it is gaining a shocking character.
The processes of arc welding are called mechanized when basic welding operations are performed using various drives and mechanisms (electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.), for example, the feeding of the electrode wire to the welding zone, the electric current supply, the supply gas, the displacement of the welding arc along the seam, flux supply, etc. From mechanized melt welding methods, automatic and semiautomatic welding under flux, protective gases, electric rivets, electroslag and others are widely used.
GRADES
AWS |
EN |
UNS |
GOST |
ER70S-2 |
G2Ti |
K10726 |
- |
ER70S-3 |
G2Si |
K11022 |
Св-08ГСМТ |
ER70S-4 |
- |
K11032 |
Св-08ГС, Св-08Г2С |
ER70S-6 |
G3Si1 |
K11140 |
Св-08ГС, Св-08Г2С |
ER70S-7 |
G4Si1 |
- |
Св-08Г2С |
ER80S-B2 |
CrMo1Si |
K20900 |
Св-04Х2МА,Св-08ХМА |
ER80S-D2 |
G4Mo |
K10945 |
- |
ER80S-B6 |
CrMo5Si |
S50280 |
Св-10Х5М |
ER80S-Ni1 |
G3Ni1 |
K11260 |
Св-10ГН |
ER80S-Ni2 |
G2Ni2 |
K21240 |
- |
ER90S-B3 |
CrMo2Si |
K30960 |
Св-04Х2МА |
ER90S-B9 |
CrMo91 |
S50482 |
- |
ER100S-G |
Mn3NiCrMo |
- |
Св-08ХН2М |
|
Note:in the GOST* box the nearest russian equivalents are stated. Please contact us for detailed examination of the grade and specification that you are looking for. |
AWS |
EN |
DIN |
GOST |
ER307 |
18 8 Mn |
1.4370 |
Св-08Х20Н9Г7Т |
ER308L |
19 9 L |
1.4316 |
Св-04Х19Н9 |
ER308LSi |
19 9 LSi |
1.4316 |
Св-06Х19Н9Т |
ER309L |
23 12 L |
1.4332 |
Св-07Х25Н13 |
ER309LSi |
23 12 LSi |
1.4332 |
Св-07Х25Н13 |
ER309LMo |
23 12 2 L |
1.4459 |
- |
ER310 |
25 20 |
1.4842 |
Св-13Х25Н18 |
ER310LMo |
25 22 2 N L |
- |
- |
ER312 |
29 9 |
1.4337 |
- |
ER316L |
19 12 3 L |
1.4430 |
Св-04Х19Н11М3 |
ER316LSi |
19 12 3 LSi |
1.4430 |
Св-04Х19Н11М3 |
ER317L |
19 13 4 L |
1.4438 |
- |
ER318 |
19 12 3 Nb |
1.4576 |
Св-08Х19Н10МЗБ |
ER347 |
19 9 Nb |
1.4551 |
Св-04Х20Н10Г2Б |
ER347Si |
19 9 Nb Si |
1.4551 |
Св-07Х19Н10Б |
ER385 |
20 25 5 Cu L |
1.4519 |
Св-01Х23Н28МЗДТ |
ER410 |
13 4 |
1.4009 |
Cв-12Х13 |
ER410NiMo |
13 |
1.4351 |
- |
ER430 |
Z 17 Ti |
1.4502 |
- |
|
Note: in the GOST* box the nearest russian equivalents are stated. Please contact us for detailed examination of the grade and specification that you are looking for. |
AWS |
EN |
DIN |
GOST |
ERNiCr-3 |
NiCr20Mn3Nb |
2.4806 |
Св-ХН63МБ-ВИ |
ERNiCu-7 |
NiCu30Mn3Ti |
2.4377 |
НММцТА
26-1,5-1,1-0,5 |
ERNi-1 |
NiTi3 |
2.4155 |
- |
ERNiCrMo-3 |
NiCr22Mo9Nb |
2.4831 |
Cв-ХН78Т |
ERNiCrMo-4 |
NiCr15Mo16Fe6W4 |
2.4886 |
Cв-ХН65МВУ |
ERNiCrMo-7 |
NiCr16Mo16Ti |
2.4611 |
Св-06Х15Н60М15 |
ERNiCrMo-10 |
NiCr21Mo13Fe4W3 |
2.4635 |
- |
ERNiCrMo-13 |
NiCr23Mo16 |
2.4607 |
- |
ERNiMo-7 |
NiMo28 |
2.4615 |
- |
ERNiCrFe-2 |
NiCr16Fe9NbMo |
2.4805 |
- |
ERNiCrFe-3 |
NiCr15Fe6Mn |
2.4807 |
- |
ERNiCrFe-11 |
NiCr23Fe15Al |
2.4626 |
- |
ERNi-C1 |
Ni99 |
2.4066 |
НП-2 |
ERNiFeCr-2 |
NiFe19Cr19Nb5Mo3 |
2.4667 |
Cв-ХН45МВТЮБР-ВД |
ERNiCrCoMo-1 |
NiCr22Co12Mo9 |
2.4627 |
- |
|
Note: in the GOST* box the nearest russian equivalents are stated. Please contact us for detailed examination of the grade and specification that you are looking for. |
AWS |
EN |
DIN |
GOST |
ER4043 |
AlSi5 |
3.2245 |
Cв-АК5, Св-АК6 |
ER4047 |
AlSi12 |
3.2581 |
Cв-АК12 |
ER1100 |
Al99,5 |
3.0259 |
Cв-АД0 |
ER5087 |
AlMg4.5MnZr |
3.3546 |
- |
ER5183 |
AlMg4.5Mn0.7 |
3.3548 |
Св-АМГ4.5Ц |
ER5754 |
AlMg3 |
3.3536 |
Св-АМГ3 |
ER5356 |
AlMg5Cr |
3.3556 |
Св-АМГ5 |
ER5554 |
AlMg2.7Mn |
3.3537 |
- |
ER5556 |
AlMg5Mn1Ti |
- |
Св-АМГ5, Св-АМГ6 |
ER6082 |
AlMgSi1 |
3.2315 |
Св-АД35 |
|
Note: in the GOST* box the nearest russian equivalents are stated. Please contact us for detailed examination of the grade and specification that you are looking for. |
AWS |
EN |
DIN |
GOST |
ERCu |
CuSn1 |
2.1006 |
- |
ERCuSi-A |
CuSi3Mn1 |
2.1461 |
БрКМц3-1 |
ERCuSn-A |
CuSn6P |
2.1022 |
БрОФ6.5-0.15 |
- |
CuSn12P |
2.1056 |
- |
ERCuAl-A1 |
CuAl8 |
2.0921 |
БрА7 |
ERCuNiAl |
CuAl9Ni5Fe3Mn2 |
2.0923 |
БрА9Ж4Н4Мц1 |
ERCuNi |
CuNi30 |
2.0837 |
- |
|
Note: in the GOST* box the nearest russian equivalents are stated. Please contact us for detailed examination of the grade and specification that you are looking for. |
PRODUCT FORMS AND SIZES
Size |
Packing |
Finish |
0,60 - 1,60 mm |
Spool |
|
Surface:
mat;
polished. |
D100 |
D200 |
D300 |
BS300 |
K300 |
K400 |
D415 |
K415 |
1,60 - 5,00 мм |
Coils |
|
0,60 - 2,00 мм |
Drum |
|
Carrier |
Cardboard |
Size |
Packing |
Finish |
1,00 - 5,00 mm |
Box |
|
Surface:
mat;
polished. |
5 kg |
10 kg |
Thickness |
Width |
Packing |
Finish |
0.05 - 3.00 mm |
4.00 - 250.00 mm |
Coils |
|
AWS A5.9-2006 / AWS A5.14-2009 |